Concrete durability refers to the ability of concrete to withstand the effects of environmental media and survive long-term use without being damaged if it meets the design requirements. Improving the durability of concrete has important practical and long-term significance for extending the service
Traditional secondary reinforcement relies heavily on welded wire mesh. This approach demands significant manual labor. It frequently suffers from improper placement on job sites. Worse, it rarely prevents early-stage plastic shrinkage cracking.